Glossary

The language of
operations.

The terms behind planning, scheduling and running complex operations, explained in plain words.

A
Workforce#

Agency staff

Temporary workers supplied by an outside agency to cover gaps in the schedule, usually at a higher cost per hour than employees.

Technology#

API

Application programming interface. A defined way for one piece of software to request data or actions from another.

Embedded APIs →
B
Industries#

Berth window

The time slot a vessel is allocated at a berth. Planning cranes, gangs and equipment around berth windows decides how fast a terminal turns ships around.

Ports & terminals →
Planning#

Bottleneck

The resource that limits the output of the whole operation. Adding capacity anywhere else does not raise output until the bottleneck moves.

Workforce#

Buddy punching

When one employee clocks in or out on behalf of another. A common form of time theft that attendance controls are designed to stop.

Attendance fraud prevention →
C
Planning#

Capacity planning

Deciding how much capacity, people, equipment and space, is needed to meet expected demand, and when.

Capacity intelligence →
Industries#

Changeover

Switching a production line from one product to another. Changeovers take time and people, so their order and timing matter for output.

Manufacturing →
Workforce#

Collective agreement

A negotiated agreement between an employer and a union that sets rules on pay, hours, rest, overtime and seniority. Every plan must respect it.

Policies & constraints →
Retail#

Commission

Pay tied to sales performance, such as a percentage of each sale or a bonus for reaching a goal.

Sales commissions →
Planning#

Constraint

A rule a plan must respect, such as qualifications, rest time, capacity or a deadline.

Policies & constraints →
Industries#

Crew pairing

A sequence of flights flown by one crew, starting and ending at its home base. Pairings are later assigned to named crew members in the roster.

Aviation →
D
Planning#

Decision layer

The system that decides what the organization should do next, built on top of the systems that record what happened, such as ERP and HR.

Planning#

Demand forecasting

Predicting future workload from history, bookings, seasonality and events, so capacity can be planned ahead of it.

Industries#

Diagramming

In rail, building the duties (diagrams) that tell each train and each driver what to run during the day, within working-time rules.

Rail & transit →
Planning#

Disruption management

Responding to unplanned events, such as delays, absences, breakdowns or weather, while keeping the operation as close to plan as possible.

Live replanning →
E
Technology#

EHR

Electronic health record. The system that holds patient records and clinical activity in a hospital.

Technology#

Embedded workforce management

Scheduling, time tracking and related features built inside another software product through APIs and components, instead of a separate app.

easyteam Embedded →
Technology#

ERP

Enterprise resource planning. The core system that records finance, procurement, inventory and orders across an organization.

F
Workforce#

Fairness

In scheduling, sharing undesirable shifts, weekends and overtime evenly, and respecting preferences, according to rules the organization sets.

Workforce#

Fatigue risk management

Rules and practices that keep fatigue within safe limits, such as minimum rest, maximum duty time and limits on consecutive nights.

H
Planning#

Hard constraint

A rule that can never be broken, such as a legal rest period or a required qualification. A plan that breaks one is not valid.

Technology#

HRIS

Human resources information system. The system of record for employees, contracts, roles and leave.

Planning#

Human in the loop

A way of using AI in which the system proposes decisions and people review, adjust and approve them.

AI principles →
L
Retail#

Labor cost percentage

Labor cost as a share of revenue. A core measure of how efficiently a store or site is staffed.

Industries#

Length of stay

The number of days a patient stays in hospital. Shorter, well-planned stays free beds for new admissions.

Healthcare →
M
Technology#

MCP

Model Context Protocol. An open standard for connecting AI agents to tools and data, so an agent can read information and take actions in other software.

MCP server →
Technology#

MES

Manufacturing execution system. The system that tracks production on the shop floor, order by order and line by line.

O
Industries#

Occupancy

In hotels, the share of available rooms that are sold. Occupancy drives how many housekeeping, front desk and restaurant staff are needed.

Hospitality →
Industries#

OEE

Overall equipment effectiveness. How much of a machine's possible output is actually achieved, combining availability, performance and quality.

Manufacturing →
Industries#

Operating room utilization

The share of scheduled operating room time that is actually used for procedures. A key measure of surgical capacity.

Healthcare →
Planning#

Operational graph

A live model of an organization: its people, assets and tasks, and the rules and dependencies between them.

Operational Graph →
Planning#

Optimization engine

Software that searches many possible plans and chooses the best one against the organization's goals, while respecting every rule.

Workforce#

Overtime

Hours worked beyond the standard working time, usually paid at a premium.

P
Retail#

POS

Point of sale. The system where sales are recorded in a store, such as Shopify POS.

easyteam Retail →
R
Planning#

Replanning

Updating a plan after something changes, while keeping as much of the original plan as possible, so fewer people and assets are affected.

Live replanning →
Industries#

Reserve crew

Crew members on standby to cover absences and disruptions. Too few cause cancellations; too many cost money.

Aviation →
Industries#

RevPAR

Revenue per available room. Room revenue divided by the number of rooms available, a standard hotel performance measure.

Hospitality →
Industries#

Rolling stock

The trains, locomotives and carriages a rail operator runs. Planning rolling stock decides how many units the timetable needs.

Rail & transit →
Workforce#

Rostering

Assigning named people to shifts or duties over a period, such as a week or a month, within rules on hours, rest and skills.

Scheduling & planning →
S
Retail#

Sales per labor hour

Sales divided by hours worked. Shows how well staffing matches customer demand in a store.

Sales goals & labor costs →
Planning#

Scenario simulation

Testing a decision on a model of the operation before making it, such as adding aircraft, opening a ward or changing a rule. Also called what-if analysis.

Scenario simulation →
Technology#

SDK

Software development kit. Ready-made code that makes it faster to build on a platform's API.

Embedded docs →
Planning#

Shadow mode

Running a new system alongside current operations and comparing its decisions with what actually happened, before it makes live decisions.

How we deploy →
Workforce#

Skills matrix

A record of who is qualified to do what. Plans use it so that every task is staffed by someone allowed and able to do it.

Planning#

Soft constraint

A preference a plan tries to meet but may trade off, such as an employee's preferred days or keeping teams together.

Technology#

System of record

The authoritative source for a type of data, such as the ERP for orders or the HRIS for employees.

T
Planning#

Throughput

The amount of work an operation completes in a period, such as procedures per day, moves per hour or units per shift.

Workforce#

Time and attendance

Recording when people start and finish work, and their breaks, as the basis for payroll and compliance.

Time clock →
Industries#

Turnaround

The time and tasks between an aircraft's arrival and its next departure: cleaning, fueling, catering, baggage and boarding.

Aviation →
U
Planning#

Utilization

The share of available time a resource is productively used. Higher utilization means more output from the same people and assets.

W
Technology#

White-label

Components a company can put inside its own product under its own brand.

White-label UIs →

Your whole operation,
working as one.

In 45 minutes you'll see where your operation loses capacity today, and what it gains when every resource is planned as one.

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